WEBVTT

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下面我就给大家讲一下城市总体规划中城市市政基础设施规划的要点
Next, I will tell you the main points of urban municipal infrastructure planning in the urban master plan

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在总体规划编制进程中
In the process of urban master plan

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同学们进入到专项规划阶段以后
After entering the stage of special planning

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往往会碰到很多新的问题
There are many new problems

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比如有些同学会进行总规中的城市市政基础设施规划
For example, some students will carry out urban infrastructure planning in the general planning

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主要包括城市的给排水 能源 通信 环卫等方面的规划
Mainly including urban water supply and drainage energy, communication, sanitation and other aspects of planning

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涉及的内容多
There are many contents involved

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对城市的发展的影响大
Also great impact on urban development

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这是城市总体规划中必须认真研究的一些内容
This is something that must be studied in urban master plan seriously

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大家在做城市总规中的市政基础设施规划之前
We need to do some preparatory work before making the municipal infrastructure planning

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要做一些准备工作
in the general urban planning

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这些准备工作做的充分
Only when the preparatory work is done sufficiently

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做出来的规划才可能符合上面的一些理念原则
can the planning conform to some of the above principles

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首先就是了解城市的发展和规划的情况
The first is to understand the development and planning of the city

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包括它的经济社会发展计划
Including its economic and social development plan

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以及我们这次规划方案的一些关键性问题和判断
And some key issues and judgments of our plan

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比如城市发展方向
For example, urban development direction

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城市空间结构等等
Urban spatial structure and so on

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知道了整体的情况
Only knowing the overall situation

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才能对局部的专项的发展做出正确的判断
can we make a correct judgment on the development of local special projects

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其次是全面了解城市市政基础设施各系统发展的历史和现状
Secondly, we need to fully understand the history and current situation of the development of urban municipal infrastructure systems

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要去读现状基础资料
To read the basic information of the current situation

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看现状图
Look at the current situation map

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也要看上版规划的现状和规划资料
We also need to look at the current situation and planning materials of the previous version of the plan

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现状了解了才能做好规划
Only when we understand the current situation can we make a good plan

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第三就是做一些相关法规规范
The third is to do some knowledge preparation of relevant laws

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市政基础设施系统规划的知识准备
and regulations municipal infrastructure system planning

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这些在我们的教材里都有
These are in our textbooks

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我们以前的教学中也讲过
Also in our previous teaching

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但经过一段时间以后
But after a while

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同学们可能会生疏了
Students may be unfamiliar with it

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所以需要进一步有一些复习
So we need to review it further

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下面讲一下我们城市总体规划中市政基础设施规划的理念和原则
Let's talk about the concept and principle of municipal infrastructure planning in our urban master plan

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根据近年来市政基础设施领域的发展趋势
According to the development trend of municipal infrastructure in recent years

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以及城市总体规划领域出现的一些发展和变化的趋势
And some development and change trends in the field of urban master planning

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我觉得在总体规划中做市政基础设施规划
I think it is necessary to make municipal infrastructure planning in the master plan

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主要应该体现在规划理念 有以下几点
It should be reflected in the following aspects

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第一个是动态发展的理念
The first is the concept of dynamic development

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要满足区域和城市发展各个阶段的要求
To meet the requirements of all stages of regional and urban development

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这是一个
This is the first point

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第二个是节约适用的理念
The second is the concept of economy and application

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跟节水 节能 减排的要求相吻合
In line with the requirements of water saving, energy saving and emission reduction

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并且符合当地的经济社会条件
And meet the local economic and social conditions

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第三是生态环保的理念
The third is the concept of ecological and environmental protection

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在规划中突出生态和环保的要求
Highlight the requirements of ecology and environmental protection in planning

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第四就是安全可靠的理念
The fourth is the concept of safety and reliability

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可以应对各种主要的灾害
Make it possible to cope with major disasters

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城市市政基础设施是最需要安全的
Municipal infrastructure is the most needed security

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所以这是我们的规划理念
So this is our planning concept

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那么谈到规划原则
So when it comes to planning principles

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我们总的原则是有这么三点
Generally we have three points

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一个是因地制宜
One is to adapt to local conditions

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一个是综合协调
One is comprehensive coordination

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还有一个是全面合理
Another is comprehensive and reasonable

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因地制宜
Adjusting measures to local conditions

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就是规划要与当地的实际情况紧密结合起来
means that the planning should be closely combined with the local actual situation

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要做出特点
The scheme should be featured

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能够解决当地的一些实际的问题
Be able to solve some local practical problems

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综合协调 就是处理好局部与整体 局部和局部
Comprehensive coordination is to deal with the relationship between the local and the whole, between the local and the local,

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各个系统之间的关系
and between the various systems

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使市政基础设施成为整个规划的一个有机组成部分
Make municipal infrastructure an integral part of the whole plan

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全面合理就是规划要符合各个单项基础设施发展的规律
Comprehensive and reasonable is planning should be in line with the law of each single infrastructure development

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要符合我们相关城市规划编制办法的一些要求
To meet some requirements of our relevant urban planning methods

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符合相关的法律法规和规范标准
Comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards

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下面我还会再具体讲怎么做才能符合这些原则
Now I will talk about how to comply with these principles

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接下来就是规划的任务和内容
Next is the task and content of planning

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这部分规划的任务
Tasks planned in this part

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我们可以把它分为基本任务和拓展任务
We can divide it into basic tasks and expansion tasks

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所谓的基本任务
Basic tasks

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我们把它精炼为十二个字
We refine it into three phrases

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选质定量 选点定源 选制定网
Type selection and quantity determination, point selection and source determination, form selection and network determination

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选质定量 就是解决供给和需求的问题
Type selection and quantity determination is to solve the problem of supply and demand

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选用什么类型的水 电 气 热
What type of water, electricity and heat should be selected

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他们所需要的量有多少
How much do they need

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这是选质和定量
It's type selection and quantity determination

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选点定源 就是解决关键设施的布局问题
Point selection and source determination is to solve the layout problem of key facilities

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要考虑各种设施
Various facilities should be considered

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比如说水厂
For example, water plant

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污水厂
Sewage treatment plant

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变电站 热电厂 煤气厂
Substation, thermal power plant and gas plant

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这样一些重要的基础设施
Such important infrastructure

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它们的服务范围和影响范围
Make reasonable site selection and layout

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进行合理的选址和布局
of their service scope and influence scope

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选制定网就是考虑供应排放和服务的网络
Form selection and network determination is to consider what kind of network is used

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到底采用什么形式
to supply emissions and services

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主要就是管线的走向到底是怎么样的
It's mainly about the direction of the pipeline

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怎么样做才能达到经济可靠的这样一个效果
How to achieve such an economic and reliable effect

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解决了上述问题
If the above problems are solved

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就基本解决了城市基础设施 硬件系统的一些大问题
some big problems of urban infrastructure hardware system will be basically solved

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完成了大部分的任务
Most tasks will be completed

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那么作为城市总体规划的一个部分
As a part of the urban master plan

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市政基础设施规划不仅仅要满足于做基本任务
Municipal infrastructure planning should not only be satisfied with basic tasks

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还应该完成什么样的一些拓展任务呢
What other expansion tasks should be completed

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所谓拓展任务包括以下几个方面的内容
The expansion tasks include the following aspects

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一是进行资源环境容量的分析和论证
First, analyze and demonstrate the capacity of resources and environment

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这个任务就是一般是前置的
This task is generally preposed

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在规划刚刚开始的时候就要去做
We need to do this task at the beginning of the plan

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主要是论证水资源水环境能不能满足规划的城市发展规模的需要
It mainly demonstrates whether water resources and water environment can meet the needs of planned urban development scale

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有时候还要考虑能源供给和垃圾处理的问题
Sometimes we have to think about energy supply and waste disposal

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这些问题对于城市规模的确定
These problems have a great influence on the determination of urban scale

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城市产业结构的调整都有很大的影响
and the adjustment of urban industrial structure

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这个任务一般会体现为一个或者几个专题研究
This task is usually embodied in one or several special studies

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二是进行城市市政基础设施的安全问题论证
Second, demonstrate the safety of urban municipal infrastructure

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现在的城市是一个高度复杂的巨系统
Today's city is a highly complex giant system

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但是也是相当脆弱的一个巨系统
But it's also a very fragile giant system

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很多城市的市政基础设施都是城市的生命线
The municipal infrastructure of many cities is the lifeline of the city

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比如说供水 供电 通信这几个方面
For example, water supply, power supply and communication

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一旦出现问题
Once there is a problem

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城市的安全就失去了保障
the safety of the city will be lost

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有些设施对周边地区又有比较大的安全影响
Some facilities have greater security impact on the surrounding areas

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比如煤气厂 液化气 储备站
For example, gas plant, liquefied gas and reserve station

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各种燃气管线
And various gas pipelines

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因此基础设施一方面要保证自身的安全
So on the one hand, infrastructure should ensure its own safety

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另外一方面要保障对整个城市安全供给
On the other hand, it is necessary to guarantee the safety supply to the whole city

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需要安全布局
Need security layout

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需要备用应急
Need standby emergency

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需要划设专门的防护空间进行安全保障
Special protective space needs to be set up for security

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对于这个问题
For this problem

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有时候可以放在防灾规划里面来考虑
Sometimes it can be considered in disaster prevention planning

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有时候需要进行专门的专题研究和论证
Sometimes special research and demonstration are needed

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三是体现新技术 新工艺在规划中的运用
Third, reflect the application of new technology and process in planning

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基础设施领域里有一些系统发展的很快
There are some systems in the field of infrastructure that are developing rapidly

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知识也在不断的更新
Knowledge is constantly updating

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比如通信系统
For example, the communication system

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两三年就可能换一代
may be replaced in two or three years

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规划方面的要求也不一样
And planning requirements are different

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比如新能源和可再生能源设施
Such as new energy and renewable energy facilities

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在规划里可能要去考虑太阳能电站 风电厂的这样一些设施的布局
In the planning, it may be necessary to consider the layout of such facilities as solar power plant and wind power plant

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比如中小型的分布式能源设施
For example, small and medium-sized distributed energy facilities

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可能会影响原有的一些大型能源设施的供给系统的组构方式
It may affect the composition of the supply system of some large-scale energy facilities

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又比如在环卫处理技术工艺方面的一些革新
For example, some innovations in environmental sanitation treatment technology

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可能导致单纯的垃圾收集处理发生改变
It may lead to the change of simple garbage collection and treatment

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进入到循环经济组织中去
Into the circular economy organization

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成为城市的一项重要产业
Become an important industry of the city

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在比如排水中 对雨水循环利用和下渗的问题有一些考虑
For example, in drainage, there are some considerations on rainwater recycling and infiltration

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会导致整个城市的排水方式排水量产生很大的变化
It will lead to great changes in the way of drainage of the whole city

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最近就有一个我们所谓的海绵城市
Recently, the drainage guidelines of

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排水导则出台
a sponge city have been issued

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所以我们对这些情况要有一定的敏感性
So we need to be sensitive to these situations

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光为以现状作为基础做规划是不够的
It's not enough to plan on the basis of the status quo

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还要对这些新技术新工艺有一定的敏感性
But also sensitive to these new technologies and processes

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对于这些技术工艺在城市未来的使用的前景有一定的预见性
It has certain foresight for the future use of these technologies in the city

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这样做出的规划才能够说得上前瞻性
Only in this way can the planning be forward-looking